“树屋”学校 / Valentino Gareri|spaces|树屋|学校

　　The pandemic has highlighted the importance of designing buildings where the relationship with nature is reinforced and where outdoor and indoor spaces are more connected each other.

　　新冠病毒的大流行突出了建筑设计的重要性，我们应加强与自然的联系，在设计中关注室内外之间的联系。

　　In these context, primary importance should be given to educational buildings.

　　在此种大环境背景下，应重点关注教育建筑。

　　Around the world, in these weeks many schools have just re-opened or are going to re-open soon after the great lockdown.

　　近几周，在经历了大封锁之后，世界各地的许多学校已重新开学或者准备重新开学。

　　Many protocols have been developed by National Governments in order to make the return to school possible, even in buildings which were not designed to facilitate physical distancing.

　　为了使重返校园成为可能，各国政府制定了许多规章制度，即使在那些设计上并未减少人与人之间距离的建筑内也应遵循。

　　The schools of the future will have to be designed under a new point of view: rather then just considering criteria of sustain-ability, they will have to embrace the ability-to-sustain the new condition where the pandemic put the entire society in.

　　未来的校园将不得不以一种新的观点来设计：不能仅仅考虑维持运行的标准，它们还必须拥有在大流行病肆虐整个社会的新型条件下持续运行的能力。

　　Moreover, thanks to the possibility given by the ‘smart working’, one of the post-covid consequeces has been the relocation of mass of people from big cities to less dense areas.

　　This phenomena puts the accent on the importance of requalifying those areas, that have been forgotten so far.

　　此外，由于“智能工作”带来的可能，后新冠病毒时代带来的结果之一是大量大城市人口迁移到低密度人口地区。这种现象反映出重新定位那些被遗忘已久的地区的重要性。

　　In these circumstances, the concept model of the school of the future has to be enlarged to a bigger scale: we should start thinking about educational buildings where several schools are combined (kindergarten, primary and secondary school) still maintaining their own independency.

　　在这种情况下，未来校园的概念模型就必须扩大规模：我们应该开始思考那些将几种学校类型合在一起的教育建筑（幼儿园，小学和中学），它们仍要保持自身的独立性。

　　Not only this. Community center, an urban plaza, a café and a library should be included and offered as spaces for the entire community: the building is operable 24h and becomes an important civic reference and the begin and opportunity for the requalification of suburbs and rural areas.

　　不仅它们，也应包括那些为整个社区服务的空间，如社区中心、城市广场、咖啡厅和图书馆等，这些空间可24小时不间断运营，并成为重要的市政项目参考，以及郊区和乡村重新定位转型的起点和机遇。

　　Considering these aspects, the proposed design provides a modular educational center that can include all the phases of the educational process: Kindergarten, Primary and Secondary schools.

　　考虑到这些方面，该设计方案提供了一种模块化的教育中心，其可以容纳教育过程的所有阶段：幼儿园、小学和中学。

　　All the required spaces are fitted into two rings: the massing articulation allows to create two courtyards and an additional usable roof.

　　所有必须的空间被设置在两个圆环中：聚合体量的连接创造了两个庭院和一个有使用功能的屋顶。

　　The classrooms are located in circle and have connections to the courtyards and the outdoor landscape. Each module, of 55 sqm, is made of cross laminated timber and corresponds to an ideal classroom of 20/25 students connected by a central corridor.

　　教室位于圆环之中，与庭院和户外景观之间建立了联系。每一个55平方米的模块单元都由交叉层压木板制成，符合每个班20/25名学生的理想的教室规模。教室之间通过中央走廊连接。

　　The building is designed as a ‘tree-house’ and it is distributed through multiple levels, where also roofs are usable and where indoor and outdoor spaces are combined allowing high flexibility for educational activities.

　　该建筑被设计成一座“树屋”，并被分成了多个楼层，具有可使用的屋顶，室内外空间结合在一起，具有随教学活动而改变的高度灵活性。

　　The main idea is to create a school that is suspended and immerse in the nature, as a house tree, where the relationship with nature is physically and visibly increased.

　　主要的想法是创造一座悬浮的，沉浸于自然之中的“树屋”校园，在这座校园里，人与自然的关系在根本上是显而易见地增进的。

　　This is possible thanks to the faceted façade, made by the alternation of solid timber panels and glazing panels. The circular perimeter allows to block the direct sunlight with the opaque panels, and get diffuse light and free view through the transparent ones.

　　该想法的实现得益于将实木板和玻璃板交替设置的小面板立面。环形四周可以通过不透明板阻挡阳光直射，而通过透明面板使光线洒入室内，并可看到户外的景色。

　　The school of the future has to be energy self-sufficient.

　　这座未来学校必须能够能源自给自足。

　　The educational building adopts several sustainable devices as rain water collections, natural cross ventilation and photovoltaic panels, wind energy devices, all located on the higher roof.

　　该教育建筑采用了几种可持续性装置，如雨水收集、自然交叉通风和光伏面板、风能装置，它们均被安置在较高的屋顶上。

　　At this level, accessible by the scholars, are exhibited all the sustainable devices that the school utilizes in order to reduce the energy consumptions.

　　学者们可以到达较高的屋顶，这里展示着学校为了减少能源消耗而使用的所有可持续设施。

　　Sustainability becomes part of the educational experience of the children, who have their first approach to this theme through the building itself.

　　可持续性成为孩子们的教育体验的一部分，他们通过首先建筑本身来接触这一主题。

　　The modularity of the design allows for future school extension, different programs, different number of classrooms and also can be adapted to create different functions, such as temporary medical centers for emergencies or temporary residential units.

　　模块化的设计为未来校园的扩大、不同的课程、不同的教室数量预留了可能，也可以适应创造不同功能空间的需要，如紧急情况下的临时医疗中心或临时居住单元。

　　The school of the future has to be sustainable and ,in the same time, able to sustain the new post-covid requirements. It has to be outdoor spaces inclusive and open to nature, made of natural materials and low-cost construction techniques, as modular design.

　　未来学校必须是可持续的，同时能维持以适应后新冠病毒疫情的需要。它必须是包含自然，并向自然开放的户外空间，是用自然材料和低成本建造技术建造而成的模块化设计。

　　It has to be highly flexible and an able to be adapted to different functions and programs, and provide several benefits to the whole community, becoming the incipit for the requalification of peripheral urban areas.

　　它必须是高度灵活性的，能够适应不同的功能需求和活动，为整个社区提供多种福祉，成为外围城区重新定位的启点。