一年又一年，今天的朋友圈，又被网易云音乐年度总结刷屏了。你的年度歌手是谁？
🤔️小作业：
1. According to Dr. Audrey Tang, what is a psychological benefit of reflecting on a year's music listening habits?
A) It provides a sense of nostalgia and positivity.
B)It encourages a competitive spirit among listeners.
C) It increases listeners' analytical skills.
D) It promotes a change in future music choices.
2. What is a primary reason for sharing one's music listening habits on social media, as discussed in the article?
A) To gain social approval and popularity.
B) To validate personal experiences over the past year.
C) To showcase superior music taste.
D) To promote and support favorite artists.
Why do we love rounding up our year in music so much?
From: The Independent
It was hard to avoid the totaloutpouringofgraphicsandmemesthat came fromSpotify Wrapped– where the app's users see acompilationof the music they played the most in 2023.
随着音乐平台Spotify上线年度听歌报告“Spotify Wrapped”，用户纷纷分享2023年最常听的歌曲合集，相关画面和梗图大量涌现。
outpouring
outpouring /ˈaʊtˌpɔː.rɪŋ/ 表示“流露；倾泻；迸发”，英文解释为“An outpouring of something such as an emotion or a reaction is the expression of it in an uncontrolled way.”举个🌰：The news of his death produced an instant outpouring of grief. 他逝世的消息立即造成了一股悲伤情绪的涌现。
📺美剧《绝望的主妇》（Desperate Housewives）中的台词提到：I'm touched by your outpouring of compassion. 我都被你流露出的怜悯感动了。
graphics
graphics /ˈɡræf.ɪks/ 表示“图样；图案；绘图；图像”，英文解释为“images and designs used in books, magazines, etc.”如：computer graphics 计算机制图。
meme
meme (/ˈmiːm/ )是指在同一个文化氛围中，人与人之间传播的思想、行为或者风格，音译为媒母、米姆、谜米、弥母，又名模因、拟子等。
其实「meme」指的就是在网上迅速传播，流行起来的一些概念（或图像、视频等）等东西，可以直接解释成我们常说「梗」、「段子」、「表情包」，词典中定义为：a type of behaviour that is passed from one member of a group to another, not in the genesbut by another means such as people copying it；举个🌰：Take a look at the top ten internet memes for this past year. 看一下去年互联网上的十大梗。
Spotify Wrapped
Spotify Wrapped是一个由音乐流媒体服务平台Spotify推出的年终特别活动。每年年底，Spotify会为用户提供一个个性化的报告，总结他们在过去一年里的听歌习惯。这个报告通常包括用户最喜欢的歌手、歌曲、音乐类型和播放时长等数据。除此之外，Spotify Wrapped还会提供一些有趣的特色内容，如“音乐旅程”回顾，展示用户一年来的音乐品味变化，以及“全球热门”等榜单，让用户了解全球或特定地区的热门音乐趋势。这个活动非常受欢迎，很多用户会在社交媒体上分享自己的Spotify Wrapped报告，与朋友们一起讨论。
在这个语境中，"Wrapped"这个词的意思接近于“总结”或“包裹”。尽管在常规英语词典中，“wrapped”通常指的是“包裹的”或“覆盖的”，但在这个特定的场合下，它被用来象征性地表示将一整年的音乐体验“包裹”或“总结”起来，以便为用户提供一个全面的年度回顾。所以，尽管“wrapped”在这里的用法可能不会直接出现在标准英语词典中，它是对这个单词的一种创造性和比喻性的使用，目的是传达对过去一年用户音乐体验的全面回顾和总结的概念。
compilation
compilation /ˌkɒm.pɪˈleɪ.ʃən/ 表示“汇编；编纂；编辑；编制；收集；选编；选辑”，英文解释为“the act of compiling something”举个🌰：Her latest CD is a compilation of all her best singles. 她最新的唱片收录了她的所有最佳单曲。
🎬电影《真爱挑日子》（One Day）中的台词提到：All those epic letters and compilation tapes. 所有这些史诗般的信件和磁带合集。
Every social media platform wasbombardedwith minutes listened to, top tracks and an awful lot of Taylor Swift. But, you may be wondering, why weare so hung up onthis yearlyround-up? We were there, after all, weren't we?
每个社交媒体平台都充斥着播放分钟数、热门歌曲和大量泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift）的内容。但你可能会好奇，为什么我们对这一年度报告如此着迷？毕竟，我们也亲身经历了这一年，不是吗？
bombard
bombard /bɒmˈbɑːd/ 1）表示“连续炮击；连续轰炸”，英文解释为“to attack a place with continuous shooting or bombs”举个🌰：The troops bombarded the city, killing and injuring hundreds. 部队连续炮击了该市，导致数百人伤亡。
2）表示“大量提问；大肆抨击；提供过多信息”，英文解释为“to attack sb with a lot of questions, criticisms, etc. or by giving them too much information”举个🌰：We have been bombarded with letters of complaint. 我们接二连三收到了大批的投诉信件。
📍耶鲁大学校长2018年毕业典礼演讲：跳出狭窄的朋友圈 尽你所能画更大更多的圈中提到：But if you're bombarded with the same stories, memes, and opinions from all your so-called friends, then your world may in fact be quite narrow. 但如果你所谓的“朋友”都在分享相同的故事、类似的观点，那么你的世界可能很窄。
be hung up on sth
表示“对…着迷；对…忧心忡忡”，英文解释为“to be extremely interested in or worried by a particular subject and spend an unreasonably large amount of time thinking about it”举个🌰：Why are you so hung up on getting everything right? 为什么你那么着迷于把所有事情都弄好？
round-up
round-up /ˈraʊnd.ʌp/ 1）表示“聚拢，聚集”，英文解释为“a bringing together of people, animals, things, etc.”
2）表示“（广播或电视新闻的）简报，综述，概要”，英文解释为“a statement on the radio or television of the main points of the news”
Why do we need to see a year instatsandfunkygraphics?
我们为何需要通过统计数据和有趣的画面来回顾过去一年？
stat
stat /stæt/ 通常复数stats，表示“统计数字，统计信息”，英文解释为“information based on a study of the number of times something happens or is present, or other facts relating to numbers”举个🌰：The stats show that she's the greatest women's tennis player in history. 统计数字显示，她是历史上最伟大的女子网球选手。
funky
funky /ˈfʌŋ.ki/ 1）表示“时髦的；不同寻常的”，英文解释为“fashionable in an unusual and noticeable way”举个🌰：She has some really funky clothes. 她有一些很时髦新潮的衣服。
2）表示“乡土爵士乐风格的”，英文解释为“used to describe a style of music, usually for dancing to, with a strong rhythm based on jazz and a tune that repeats”举个🌰：Have you heard their new record? It's really funky. 你听过他们的新唱片吗？典型的乡土爵士乐风格。
In short, we love to look back and reflect. “If it was a good year it gives us a sense of positivity and warmth and wesavourthat reminder of what has gone,” says Dr Audrey Tang,charteredpsychologist and author ofThe Leader's Guide to Mindfulness. “It is good as adults to stop rushing and to stop and savour this feeling. If that round-up of the year gives us that opportunity it is a great thing.”
简而言之，我们喜欢回顾和反思。“如果这一年过得不错，它会给我们一种积极和温暖的感觉，我们会珍惜那些提醒我们过去时光的事物，”特许心理学家、《领袖者正念指南》（The Leader's Guide to Mindfulness）一书作者奥黛丽·唐（Audrey Tang）博士说。“作为成年人，停止匆忙的脚步，停下来细细品味这种感觉是件好事。如果年终总结能给我们这样的机会，那就太棒了。”
savour
美式 sovor 英式 savour /ˈseɪ.vər/ 作名词，表示“风味，滋味”；作动词，表示“细品，享用”，英文解释为“to enjoy food or an experience slowly, in order to enjoy it as much as possible”举个🌰：It was the first chocolate he'd tasted for over a year, so he savored every mouthful. 这是他一年多来吃到的第一块巧克力，因此他每一口都细细品尝。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述特朗普作为商人一面的文章中提到：It was a high point of their relationship that the Brit still savours. 这是二人交情的一个高潮，他到今天还在回味。
chartered
chartered /ˈtʃɑː.təd/ 表示“（从事特定职业的人）注册的，特许的，领有执照的”，英文解释为“(of people who do particular jobs) having successfully finished the necessary training and exams”举个🌰：He's a chartered surveyor/accountant. 他是个注册测量师/会计师。
In times of good or bad, music, for many, is aconstant. What we listen to may change, but art has a way of keeping our earphones on, speakers turned up and our minds interested, whether it's apodcast,soundtrackor the same album over and over again.
无论顺境还是逆境，音乐对许多人来说都是永恒不变的。我们所听的音乐可能会改变，但艺术总有办法让我们戴上耳机、打开扬声器，让我们的大脑感兴趣，无论是播客、原声带还是一遍又一遍听同一张专辑。
constant
constant /ˈkɒn.stənt/作名词，熟词僻义，表示“常数；常量；恒量”，英文解释为“a number or quantity that does not vary”。
补充：
📍variable表示“可变情况；变量；可变因素”（a situation, number or quantity that can vary or be varied）。
作形容词，constant表示“恒久不变的;稳定的”，英文解释为“staying the same, or not getting less or more”举个🌰：We ran at a fairly constant speed. 我们保持了比较平稳的跑动速度。
podcast
podcast /ˈpɒd.kɑːst/ 表示“播客（以数字格式储存的电台节目，可从因特网下载，然后在计算机或MP3播放机上播放）”，英文解释为“a radio programme that is stored in a digital form that you can download from the internet and play on a computer or on an MP3 player”
soundtrack
soundtrack /ˈsaʊnd.træk/ 表示“电影声迹；（尤指）电影配乐；电影原声音带”，英文解释为“the sounds, especially the music, of a film, or a separate recording of this”举个🌰：The best thing about the movie is its soundtrack. 这部电影最成功的地方就是它的配乐。
“Music is something we have preferences with and music is often a significant thing to attach to events and moments, like your first dance, a break-up, or a big win – and those memories can come back when we hear them,” Tang explains.
唐博士解释道：“音乐是我们的喜好，音乐通常与事件和时刻紧密相连，比如你的第一支舞、一次失恋或重大胜利——当我们听到这些音乐时，这些回忆可能就会涌现。”
We may see other people's Spotify Wrapped and be surprised; maybe you didn't think yourpalwas an Iron Maiden fan, or would relate to BTS?
我们可能会看到别人的年度听歌报告并感到惊讶；也许你没想到你的朋友会是铁娘子乐队（Iron Maiden）的粉丝，或者喜欢防弹少年团（BTS）？
pal
pal /pæl/ 表示“朋友，好友”，相当于“a friend”举个🌰：You're my best pal. 你是我最好的朋友。
But, Tang says: “The other thing about music, is it lets us express ourselves through someone else's expression and that connection is really important.”
但是，唐博士说：“音乐的另一点是，它让我们通过别人的表达来表达自己，这种联系非常重要。”
We may find something in music we don't find within ourselves, and by sharing what we enjoy, we share a littlesnippetof ourselves with our friends – letting them in on a different side of you.
我们可能在音乐中找到自己内心所缺失的东西，通过分享我们喜欢的东西，我们就与朋友分享了自己的一小段经历——让他们看到了你不同的一面。
snippet
snippet /ˈsnɪpɪt/ 表示“一条，一则（新闻、消息或谈话）；片段”，英文解释为“A snippet of something is a small piece of it.”如：snippets of popular classical music 流行古典音乐的片段，举个🌰：I heard an interesting snippet on the radio this morning. 今天早上我从广播里听到了一则有趣的新闻。
📍词根“-et”表示“小”，前缀“snip-”（剪切的变体，表示一部分）。想象你剪下一小片，这就是“snippet”。
Wrapped also enables a lot of us to share what we have had on repeat.
年度听歌报告也能让我们中的许多人分享自己重复听过的音乐。
“When it comes tobingelistening,” says Tang, “it is very likely that song gives us a certain feeling that we just need to feel, as long as it isn'tinterferingwith our day-to-day life, if that repetition is what you need, it is good to allow those emotions to flow and hear it. Be it motivational, sad or angry music.”
“说到狂听一首歌，”唐博士说，“很可能那首歌给了我们某种感觉，我们只需要去感受，只要它不干扰我们的日常生活，如果重复听这首歌是你所需要的，那么就应该让这些情感自由流动并倾听它。无论是励志的、悲伤的还是愤怒的音乐。”
binge
binge /bɪndʒ/可以作动词，也可以作名词，表示“（尤指在饮食和花钱方面）无节制的狂热行为，狂欢，放纵，狂闹”，英文解释为“If you binge, you do too much of something, such as drinking alcohol, eating, or spending money.”如：a drinking/eating/spending binge 狂饮/暴食/滥花钱，举个🌰：He went on a five day drinking binge. 他连续5天狂饮。
📍binge drinking可以指“暴饮（酒），酗酒”（the activity of drinking too much alcohol on one occasion）。
📍binge watching可以理解为“无节制地狂看某部电视连续剧”或者说“追剧，刷剧”；binge-watch作动词，举个🌰：We binge-watched an entire season of Breaking Bad on Sunday. 我们星期天一口气看完了整季的《绝命毒师》。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述奈飞（Netflix）的文章中提到：Investors lap it up as hungrily as Netflix binge-watchers, who now number 193m worldwide. 投资者对奈飞的追捧一如从世界各地到它网上追剧的1.93亿人。
interfere
interfere /ˌɪn.təˈfɪər/ 表示“妨碍，干扰”，英文解释为“to prevent something from working effectively or from developing successfully”举个🌰：Even a low level of noise interferes with my concentration. 即使很低的噪声也会分散我的注意力。
So, we learn all this about ourselves, why must we then share it on social media?
那么，我们了解了自己的这一切，为什么要在社交媒体上分享呢？
Frankly we are “desperateto share them because we arevalidatingourselves over what we have gone through that year”, says Tang.
唐博士表示，坦率地说，我们“迫切地想要分享，因为我们正在验证自己这一年所经历的一切”。
desperate
desperate /ˈdes.pər.ət/ 1）表示“非常需要的；非常想要的”，英文解释为“needing or wanting something very much”举个🌰：They are desperate for help. 他们非常需要帮助。
2）表示“（因绝望而）拼命的，不顾一切的”，英文解释为“feeling that you have no hope and are ready to do anything to change the bad situation you are in”举个🌰：The doctors made one last desperate attempt/effort to save the boy's life. 医生们为挽救男孩的生命作了最后一次努力。
validate
validate /ˈvæl.ɪ.deɪt/ 1）表示“证实”，英文解释为“To validate something such as a claim or statement means to prove or confirm that it is true or correct.”举个🌰：This discovery seems to validate the claims of popular astrology. 这一发现似乎证实了流行占星术的一些观点。
2）表示“证实…有价值”，英文解释为“To validate a person, state, or system means to prove or confirm that they are valuable or worthwhile.”举个🌰：The Academy Awards appear to validate his career. 这些奥斯卡金像奖看来证实了他的职业生涯的价值。
“It isone step removedfrom saying, 'God I had a bad year', and people can start conversations by sharing the music we have listened to.
“这相当于间接地说，‘天哪，我今年过得很糟糕’，人们可以通过分享我们听过的音乐来开始对话。”
one step removed from ...
通常用来表示某事物或某人与另一事物或情况略微间接或稍有距离。它强调了一种非直接或稍微差异化的关系。这个短语可以用在不同的上下文中，描述从字面或直接意义上稍微偏离的情况、观点或关系。
在这个上下文中，“one step removed”意味着比直接说出某事略微间接一些。因此，“It is one step removed from saying, 'God I had a bad year'”的意思是，通过分享我们听过的音乐来开始对话，这种方式比直接说“天哪，我这一年过得很糟糕”要间接一些。它暗示分享音乐是一种更为微妙的方式来表达和讨论个人经历和情感，而不是直白地陈述自己的情绪或经历。
“The key thing about music is that it is an informal way of starting a conversation,” she says. “It can feel soaliento reach out to someone about how we feel or what we listen to, so if music means we have thatbufferbetween what we want to say and feel able to, we can bridge that gap and express ourselves in a healthy way.”
“音乐的关键在于，它是开启对话的非正式方式，”她说。“主动向他人表达感受或分享听的音乐可能很不自然，所以如果音乐可以成为我们想说的和能够说的之间的桥梁，我们就能够跨越这个鸿沟，以健康的方式表达自己。”
alien
alien /ˈeɪ.li.ən/ 1）表示“怪异的；截然不同的；不熟悉的”，英文解释为“strange and not familiar”举个🌰：When I first went to New York, it all felt very alien to me. 我初到纽约的时候，觉得一切都非常陌生。
2）表示“外国的；异域的；异族的”，英文解释为“coming from a different country, race, or group”如：an alien culture 异域文化。
buffer
buffer /ˈbʌf.ər/作名词，表示“缓冲物；起缓冲作用的人；减震器，缓冲器”，英文解释为“something or someone that helps protect from harm”。
作动词，表示“提供保护，使不受伤害；减少，减缓（伤害）”，英文解释为“to provide protection against harm；to reduce the harmful effects of sth”如：to buffer the effects of stress on health 减少压力对健康的影响。
- 词汇盘点 -
outpouring、 graphics、 meme、 Spotify Wrapped、 compilation、 bombard、 be hung up on sth、 round-up、 stat、 funky、 savour、 chartered、 constant、 podcast、 soundtrack、 pal、 snippet、 binge、 interfere、 desperate、 validate、 one step removed from ...、 alien、 buffer
- 词汇助记 By ChatGPT -
The outpouring of Spotify Wrapped graphics bombarded everyone, a compilation of funky stats and snippets savored by pals. Chartered in constant podcasts, soundtracks buffered from alien binges. One step removed from desperation, these memes interfered yet validated, hung up on charted musical journeys.
